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| 老年住院患者肌少症合并吞咽障碍的影响因素研究 |
| Influencing factors of sarcopenia combined with dysphagia in elderly inpatients |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2025.09.011 |
| 中文关键词: 老年人 肌少症 吞咽障碍 人体质量指数 影响因素分析 |
| 英文关键词:elderly sarcopenia dysphagia body mass index analysis of influencing factors |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(72364005)；贵州省卫生健康委基金项目(gzwkj2024-263) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探究老年住院患者肌少症合并吞咽障碍的患病现状及影响因素，为临床诊疗工作提供参考依据。方法 本研究纳入353名老年住院患者，肌少症采用2019年亚洲肌少症工作组(Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia，AWGS)的标准进行诊断；吞咽功能使用洼田饮水试验(water swallow test, WST)进行测试；营养状况使用微型营养评定表(mini nutritional assessment short form, MNA-SF)进行评估；生活自理能力(activity of daily life，ADL)采用Barthel指数(barthel index，BI)进行评定。老年肌少症合并吞咽障碍患病的影响因素采用二元Logistic回归分析，人体质量指数(body mass index，BMI)预测其患病风险的临界值采用ROC曲线确定。结果 Logistic回归分析显示年龄、无规律运动、合并症≥4种是老年住院患者肌少症合并吞咽障碍的危险因素，而较好的营养状况、ADL、BMI则为保护因素。老年肌少症合并吞咽障碍的患病率约为30 %，BMI预测其患病风险的ROC曲线下面积及95 %CI区间为(0.839，95 %CI：0.795~0.883)，临界值为22.55 kg/m2。结论 老年住院患者肌少症合并吞咽障碍的患病率较高，年龄、无规律运动、合并症≥4种是其危险因素，营养状况、ADL和BMI为保护因素，BMI是预测其患病风险的敏感指标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the current prevalence and influencing factors of sarcopenia combined with dysphagia in elderly hospitalized patients, and to provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods This study enrolled 353 elderly hospitalized patients. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019. Dysphagia was assessed using the water swallow test (WST). Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). The activity of daily life (ADL) was evaluated using the Barthel Index (BI). The influencing factors of sarcopenia combined with dysphagia in the elderly were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The critical value of body mass index (BMI) for predicting the risk of the disease was determined using ROC curve. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that age, irregular exercise, and having four or more comorbidities were risk factors for sarcopenia combined with dysphagia in elderly hospitalized patients, while better nutritional status, ADL, and BMI were protective factors. The prevalence of sarcopenia combined with dysphagia in the elderly was about 30%. The area under the ROC curve for BMI predicted the risk of the disease and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were [0.839, 95% CI (0.795-0.883)], with a critical value of 22.55 kg/m2. Conclusion The prevalence of sarcopenia combined with dysphagia in elderly hospitalized patients is relatively high. Age, irregular exercise, and having four or more comorbidities are the risk factors, while nutritional status, ADL, and BMI are protective factors. BMI is a sensitive indicator for predicting the risk of this disease. |
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