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| 身体活动量与老年人骨质疏松症的相关性研究 |
| Study on the correlation between the physical activity and osteoporosis in elderly adults |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2026.07.009 |
| 中文关键词: 骨质疏松症 身体活动 体质量指数 数据库 |
| 英文关键词:osteoporosis physical activity body mass index database |
| 基金项目:河南省科技攻关项目（252102310507）；河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目（LHGJ20230492）；洛阳市社会发展公益专项（医疗卫生）重点项目（2302020A） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 基于美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据库探讨老年人身体活动量与骨质疏松症（OP）风险的关联，并探讨不同体质量指数（BMI）分层下二者的关联。方法 以NHANES 2013—2014年、2017—2020年的参与者为研究对象。根据是否发生OP分为OP组和无OP组，比较两组基线特征的差异。限制性立方样条图（RCS）分析身体活动量与OP风险的量效关系，加权Logistic回归分析校正不同混杂因素前后身体活动量与OP的相关性及不同BMI分层下身体活动量与OP的相关性。结果 身体活动量与老年人OP风险之间存在非线性关系，RCS图呈近“L型”曲线（P非线性=0.002）。身体活动量Q1组、Q2组和Q3组OP加权患病率依次为42.85 %（522/11 62）、32.65 %（347/1 162）、24.51 %（293/1 162）（χ2=83.750，P＜0.001）。校正性别等全部混杂因素后，身体活动量Q3组老年人患OP的风险相比Q1组降低47.20 %（P＜0.05）。BMI分层后，正常、超重老年人中，身体活动量Q3者患OP的风险比Q1者分别降低56.50 %、73.40 %（P＜0.05）；肥胖老年人中，身体活动量Q2者患OP的风险比Q1者降低31.40 %（P＜0.05）。结论 ≥1 800 MET-min/周的身体活动能显著降低OP风险，且不同BMI分层的老年人适合不同程度的身体活动。正常和超重的老年人每周适合进行超过1 800 MET-min的身体活动量，肥胖老年人每周适合进行240~1 800 MET-min的身体活动量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the association between physical activity level and osteoporosis (OP) risk in elderly adults based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, and to further explore the association between the two under different body mass index (BMI) strata. Methods Participants from 2013-2014, 2017-2020 NHANES survey, were used for the study. They were categorized into OP and no-OP groups based on the occurrence of OP, and differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups were compared. Restricted cubic spline plots (RCS) were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative relationship between the amount of physical activity and the risk of OP. Weighted logistic regression analyses were used to correct the correlation between the level of physical activity and OP before and after the different confounders and the correlation between physical activity and OP under different BMI strata. Results There was a nonlinear relationship between physical activity and the risk of OP in the elderly, and the RCS plot showed a nearly “L-shaped” curve (P nonlinear = 0.002). The weighted prevalence of OP was 42.85% (522/1162), 32.65% (347/1162), and 24.51% (293/1162) in the Q1, Q2, and Q3 groups of physical activity, in that order (χ2= 83.750, P < 0.001). After correcting for all confounders such as gender, age, and diabetes, the risk of OP was 47.20% lower in older adults in the physical activity Q3 groups, compared with the Q1 group (P < 0.05). After BMI stratification, in normal, overweight older adults, the risk of OP was 56.50%, 73.40% lower in those with physical activity Q2 and Q3, respectively, compared with those with Q1 (P < 0.05); among obese older adults, the risk of OP was 31.40% lower among those with physical activity Q2 than among those with Q1 (P < 0.05). Conclusion ≥1800 MET-min per week physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of OP, and different levels of physical activity are appropriate for older adults in different BMI strata. Physical activity levels of more than 1800 MET-min per week are appropriate for normal and overweight older adults, and 240-1800 MET-min per week for obese older adults. |
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