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| 机械敏感通道Piezo1在骨质疏松症中的研究进展 |
| Advances in the study of a mechanically sensitive channel Piezo1 in osteoporosis |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2026.07.011 |
| 中文关键词: 骨质疏松症 Piezo1 机械敏感通道 |
| 英文关键词:osteoporosis Piezo1 mechanically sensitive channel |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(82160916)；甘肃省自然科学基金(23JRRA1713)；甘肃中医药大学中医学一级学科“岐黄英才”导师专项基金项目（2025）；兰州市科技计划项目(2021-1-95)；兰州市科技计划项目(2023-ZD-215)；敦煌医学与转化教育部重点实验室开放课题(DHYX22-03) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 骨质疏松症（osteoporosis，OP）是骨微结构与生物力学改变，导致骨密度降低、骨量流失、骨脆性增加，进而易发生骨折的一种代谢性骨病，其核心病理机制是机械负荷感知缺陷导致的骨形成与吸收失衡。Piezo1作为一种机械敏感的离子通道，可将机械刺激转化为生物信号以影响多种细胞活动，在血管、神经、骨骼、免疫等疾病的治疗方面均具有重要意义。研究发现，Piezo1可参与骨骼形成与发育的机械感应过程，机械力通过Piezo1诱导成骨细胞（osteoblast，OB）中Runx2表达及Akt/GSK-3β磷酸化，促进成骨；同时抑制破骨细胞（osteoclast，OC）前体NFATc1信号，减少骨吸收。Piezo1条件性缺失会导致骨骼结构受损与强度降低，骨发育性缺陷，最终导致OP的发生。本文系统解析“机械力—Piezo1—细胞响应—骨代谢失衡”调控网络，为进一步探究OP的发病机制与研发新型治疗策略提供新的靶点。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease characterized by alterations in bone microstructure and biomechanics, resulting in reduced bone mineral density, bone mass loss, increased bone fragility, and a higher susceptibility to fractures. The core pathological mechanism of OP involves an imbalance between bone formation and resorption due to impaired mechanical load perception. As a mechanosensitive ion channel, Piezo1 plays a pivotal role in converting mechanical stimuli into biological signals, thereby influencing various cellular activities. This function holds significant implications for the treatment of vascular, neural, skeletal, immune, and other diseases. Research has demonstrated that Piezo1 participates in the mechanosensing processes associated with bone formation and development. Mechanical forces can induce the expression of Runx2 and promote Akt/GSK-3β phosphorylation in osteoblasts (OB) via Piezo1, thereby enhancing osteogenesis. Simultaneously, Piezo1 inhibits NFATc1 signaling, a key regulator in osteoclast (OC) precursors, thereby reducing bone resorption. Conditional deletion of Piezo1 leads to bone structural damage, decreased strength, developmental defects, and ultimately contributes to the onset of OP. This article comprehensively examines the regulatory network of mechanical force - Piezo1 - cell response - bone metabolism imbalance, offering a novel target for elucidating the pathogenesis of OP and developing innovative therapeutic strategies. |
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